TECH: Instrumental vocabulary

[Nick Nicholas <nsn@MULLIAN.EE.MU.OZ.AU>]

I haven't begun writing up my Shostakovitch piece, but preparatory to it, I
did draw up a list of instrument le'avla; I'm filling it in now with the help
of my trusty Orchestration book, and presenting it for your edification, and
because I didn't feel like getting any sleep :)

(G = German; F = French; I = Italian; E = English)

contrabass: snoraisli
bass: tcesnosli
baritone: mlisnosli
tenor: norsnosli
alto: norsutsli
mezzo-soprano: mlisutsli
soprano: tcesutsli
soprnanino: sutraisli

Orchestral Strings: bende sa'erjgita

tip/point of bow: tersa'e jipno
scroll: jgita ke sarlu fanmo
peg: togytikpijne
peg box: togytikpijnyvau
nut: jgita galxe (G has saddle; I has head of the fingerboard)
neck: pecta'o garna
fingerboard: pecta'o
wooden part of the bow: tersa'e mudri
f-hole: fy. zei kevna (how fy stands for the letter F, not a variable, is
still not clear to me)
bridge: skosra (G, E, I have bridge, but F has support)
tailpiece: jgita skora'e (G)
bow hair: tersa'e kerfa
frog/heel of bow: tersa'e skora'e (by analogy with tailpiece)
soundpost: snakamju
string instrument: jgita
bowed string instrument: sa'erjgita
bow: tersa'e
front/table: jgita crane
back: jgita trixe
pizzicato: degji se jgita; degycpu
down-bow: nu mo'ini'a tersa'ecpu
up-bow: nu mo'iga'u tersa'ecpu
detache': nu sepli tersa'ecpu
legato: nu kansa tersa'ecpu
loure': nu cmacatke tersa'ecpu
martele': nu mruli tersa'ecpu; nu skovrede'a tersa'ecpu
spiccato: nu selminra tersa'ecpu (minra means also bounce)
ricochet, jete': nu renro tersa'ecpu
tremolo: nu tersa'e desku
snap pizzicato: nu bikla degycpu; nu ta'ordarxi degycpu
left-hand pizzicato: nu zulxa'e degycpu
harmonic: nalcmu selsli tonga
mute: smabra
portamento: tonga sakli
glissando: togyci'e sakli
scale: togyci'e
vibrato: tonga desku
trill: togycnesli; togyci'e togysli (non-enharmonic oscillation, within the
scale)
scordatura: nu nalfadni togystika
double stop: nu relskosa'e
triple stop: nu cibyskosa'e
quadruple stop: nu vonskosa'e
arpeggio: nalsimcabna srato'agri (non-simultaneous chord)
chord: srato'agri (vertical tone-group)

violin: jgitrviolino
viola: jgitrviola; mlisli jgitrviolino (alto violin: F)
violoncello: jgitrviolontcelo, jgitrtcelo
double bass: jgitrkontrabaso

Woodwinds: flanyjoixagri

embouchure, blow hole: vaxke'a
head joint: sedyterjo'e
closed hole: ganlo pecke'a
open hole: kalri pecke'a
pad: pecke'agai
tone hole: togytikyke'a
double reed: relxagri
conical bore: konju tu'ucra
octave key: xavyto'a batke
bocal: selxagryvau
bell: ganra tu'ucra
reed: selxagri
mouthpiece: vaxytu'upau
ligature: selxagri velyla'a
upper joint: gapru terjo'e
lower joint: cnita terjo'e
cylindrical bore: slanu tu'ucra
register key: du'ervasxu batke (G)
key: batke
finger hole: degyke'a
key hole: batkyke'a
attack: to'acfa
steady-state: to'asto
release: to'asti
legato: nu kansa vasxu
staccato: nu sepli vasxu
double tonguing: nu reroi tacto'acfa
flutter tonguing: nu desku tacto'acfa
slap tonguing: nu darxi tacto'acfa
breath tone: tcevaxyvruto'a
whistle tone: siclyto'a
smack tone: sakcyto'a
subtone: nalfadysmato'a

transverse flute: pinflani
piccolo: cmapinflani
alto flute in G: mlisli pinflani
bass flute in C: snosli pinflani
Eb flute: pinflani pe .ebu ni'ubu

oboe in C: xagrnobo'e
English horn in F: xagrnkorno,ingleze; mlisli xagrnobo'e (Esperanto)
oboe d'amore in A: xagrnobo'edamore
baritone oboe: snosli xagrnobo'e
heckelphone: xagrnxekelfone

clarinet in Bb: xagrnklarineto pe by ni'ubu
clarinet in A: xagrnklarineto pe .abu
Bb bass clarinet: mlisnosli xagrnklarineto pe by ni'ubu
Eb (D) soprano clarinet: tcesutsli xagrnklarineto pe .ebu ni'ubu to dy toi
Eb alto clarinet: mlisutsli xagrnklarineto pe .ebu ni'ubu
Bb contrabass clarinet: snoraisli xagrnklarineto pe by ni'ubu
Eb contra alto clarinet: tcesnosli xagrnklarineto pe .ebu ni'ubu
basset horn in F: xagrnkornodibaseto

bassoon: xagrnfagoto
contrabassoon: xagrnkontrafagoto, snoraisli xagrnfagoto

Eb alto saxophone: norsutsli xagrnsaksofono pe .ebu ni'ubu
Bb tenor saxophone: norsutsli xagrnsaksofono pe by ni'ubu
Eb baritone saxophone: mlisutsli xagrnsaksofono pe .ebu ni'ubu
Bb soprano saxophone: tcesutsli xagrnsaksofono pe by ni'ubu
Bb bass saxophone: tcesnosli xagrnsaksofono pe by ni'ubu
Eb sopranino saxophone: sutraisli xagrnsaksofono pe .ebu ni'ubu
Eb contrabass saxophone: snoraisli xagrnsaksofono pe .ebu ni'ubu

Brasses: tabra

leadpipe: moltu'u (G)
valves: ca'erslanu
slide: togypra saklytu'u
tuning slide: togystika saklytu'u
bell: ganro tu'ucra
brassy (Schmettern): jimto'a
bells up: tu'ucra lafti
stopped (horn): xanzunto'a

French horn in F: tabrnkorno
Alto horn in Eb/F: mlisli tanrnflikorno
mellophone: tabrnmelofono
mellophonium: tabrnmelofonio
Wagner tuba: vagner zei tabrntuba

trumpet in Bb, C, D, Eb: tabrntromba
piccolo trumpet in Bb, A: tcetsli tabrntromba
bass trumpet in Eb, Bb: snosli tabrntromba
cornet in Bb, Eb: tabrnkorneta
flugelhorn in Bb: tabrnflikorno

tenor trombone: norsnosli tabrntrombone
alto trombone: norsutsli tabrntrombone
bass trombone: mutsnosli tabrntrombone
contrabass trombone: snoraisli tabrntrombone
valve trombone: ca'erslanu tabrntrombone

(contrabass) tuba in Bb, C: (snoraisli) tabrntuba
(bass) tuba in F, Eb: (tcesnosli) tabrntuba
euphonium: tabrneufonio; tcesnosli tabrnflikorno

Percussion: damri

single stroke: pamei nundarxi
flam: pavyprudarxi nundarxi (G)
drag: relprudarxi nundarxi
ruff: so'irprudarxi nundarxi
open roll: sluseltro nundarxi
closed roll: selminra nundarxi
deadsticking: terda'i vrede'a
rim shot: nu korbi joi damri darxi
on the rim: nu korbi darxi
choked: nu togdicra
let vibrate: nu to'arcurmi
sticks, mallets: terda'i

marimba: janbrmarimba
xylophone: janbrksilofono
xylomarimba: janbrksilomarimba
orchestral bells (glockenspiel): jabrnkampaneli
vibraphone: janbrvibrafono
tubular chimes: jabytu'u
celesta: pipnrtcelesta
gong: janbrgonge (my book lists it as a tuned instrument)
crotales: janbrkrotali
steel drum: gatydamri
handbells: xanjanbe
almglocken (cowbells): bakyjanbe
anvil: jimda'izbe
musical saw: zgike ka'arkomcu
flexatone: janbrflesatono
tubaphone: janbrtubafono
timpani: damrntimpano
roto-tom: damrnrototomtomo
slide whistle: saklysiclybra
musical glass: zgikabri

woodblock: jungo mudbliku (I)
temple block: kulnrkore'a mudbliku (I)
claves: damrnklave
castanets: damrnkastaniete
maracas: damrnmaraka
finger cymbals: degji paltydamri
crash cymbals: simdarxi paltydamri
suspended cymbal: dandu paltydamri
hi-hat: tagji paltydamri
triangle: cibjantradamri
sleighbells: janbrsonalii
snare drum: cmalu damrntamburo
military drum: jenmi damrntamburo
bongos: damrnbongo
bass drum: damrngrankasa
tambourine: damrntamburino
whip: biklydamri
police whistle: pulji siclybra
siren: pulji karce vrubra
drum kit: damri gunma

piano: pipnrpiano
key: batke
damper: smagai
hammer: mruli
damper pedal: smajmavra
sostenuto pedal: togra'ijmavra
una corda: pavyskojmavra
tre corda: nalpi'o le pavyskojmavra

electronic piano: dikca pipno
toy piano: selkei pipno
harpsichord: pipnrtcembalo
harp: jgitrxarpa
organ: pipnrxorgano
guitar: jgitrgitara
fret: pecta'osle
plectrum: seljgita cfine
capotasto, barre: jgitrkapotasto
mandolin: jgitrmandolino
ukulele: jgitrxukulele
banjo: jgitrbandjo
electric bass: dikca snoslijgita
accordion: xagrnfisarmonika
harmonica: xagrnxarmonika
recorder (alto, soprano, tenor, soprnanino, bass): rajyflani
ocarina: flanrxokarina

falsetto: voksrfalseto

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 A freshman once observed to me:         Nick Nicholas am I, of Melbourne, Oz.
 On the edge of the Rubicon,             nsn@munagin.ee.mu.oz.au (IRC: nicxjo)
 men don't go fishing.                   CogSci and CompSci & wannabe Linguist.
   - Alice Goodman, _Nixon In China_     Mail me! Mail me! Mail me! Or don't!!